Gummo - Movie Critique :: essays research papers

The film Gummo is intended to be a symbolic movie in which fantasy and reality intertwine. Initially, the film opens in a small town in Ohio after a tornado has swept through and destroyed it. Economically the small region is wrecked. Like the buildings near them, the friendly fabric that is safekeeping the town together is coming apart at the seams. Whatever traditions and values this town has held in the past seem to no longer exist as the line between the sacred and the profane has been obscured beyond recognition. While it is difficult to know outright the attitudes and convictions of whatever social group, based on what the film shows on that point is little, if any, social solidarity in this environment. The foundation for this statement can be seen in the lack of any authoritative figures in the film. The town is seemingly void of any structure, law, or government, and the actions of its residents seem to reflect this. Individualism seems to reign supreme in this commu nity, if it can be called that. Admittedly social bonds such as friends and family still exist, only as a whole individual pursuits and interests still override any pretense of collective purpose. This fact, however, doesnt truly deviate at all from what is considered normal, true(p) it does take on a much uglier face in Gummo, but individual goals and pursuits are commonplace practically anywhere in the United States and around the globe. On the other hand, it must be realized that in most instances natural disasters do have a history of bringing communities together in times of hardship, something that is not at all seen in the film. In short, the social order, much like the town itself, is in shambles, with little or no social solidarity. Gummo is meant to be entirely symbolic in one way or another. One of the more notable symbolisms is that of cats and their murder. The function of their deaths is rather straightforward in a town such as this, there appears to be very little t o do. In fact one thing that is never seen in Gummo is the playing of any kind of sport or recreational activity. It appears as though the teenagers are suffering from extreme cases of boredom and, because of the demand at the butcher shop, they can be paid and entertained through the murdering of these animals.

Motivation and Manipulation in Julius Caesar Essay -- William Shakespe

In Julius Caesar, Shakespeare illuminates the themes of human motivation and manipulation. He examines the relationship between actions and motivations, cause and effect, and word and deed, using the symbols of hands and hearts. end-to-end the play, the characters Brutus and Marc Antony express their different understandings of this relationship rhetorically. In his 1953 shoot down interpretation, Joseph L. Mankiewicz demonstrates these characters understanding through both the plays original dialogue and his own interpolated action. It is interesting to find oneself the different effects of spoken rhetoric, as we experience it in the play, and the visual rhetoric of the film. The play itself complicates matters of motivation and therefore does not answer the question of blame. When tuition one character, the audience feels connected with their point of view, and when reading the other, they are made to feel unsure about their initial opinion. In the end, it is nearly impossible to spy the characters inner motives, and it is therefore difficult to place blame on one or the other. However, Mankiewicz visually presents the complex relationship between these two symbols and in doing so, he creates a more sympathetic persona for Brutus than the one in the play. He focuses on the hands as a symbol of unity, love, and friendship, and where characters use hands for reprehensible acts, he is quick to juxtapose the actions of hands from the motivations of the heart. While Shakespeare uses this juxtaposition to merely complicate the matter without solving it, Mankiewicz uses it to simplify the question. For Mankiewicz, Brutus involvement in the murder of Caesar, does not wholly reflect his character, and the audience is made to see a more human, vulne... ...wn in the play. In Brutus words, Th abuse of greatness is when it disjoins remorse from power, and in that instance, the film shows Antonys abuse of authority (2.1.18-19). Because Antony believes that the hand s actions and the hearts motivations cannot be separated, his language demonstrates this belief, and he acts accordingly. While Brutus may act maliciously at times, he believes that hands and hearts are not always inextricably linked and therefore, that is especially true of his evil actions. Though Shakespeare may the leave the audience in doubt, Mankiewicz does not avoid blame and suggests that the exclusive joining of hands and hearts disjoins compassion from power and leads to true butchery. Works CitedMankiewicz, Joseph L., dir. Julius Caesar. 1953. Film Shakespeare, William. Julius Caesar. New York Barnes & Noble, 2007. Print.

Connections between Boo and Tom in to Kill a Mockingbird :: To Kill a Mockingbird Essays

Connections in the midst of Boo and Tom in to Kill a flouter========================================================Harper lee side seems to be telling toe antithetic stories, that of Boo andTom. Are there any connections between the storied?Although the novel seems to be telling two different stories, that ofTom Robinson and Boo Radley there are some connections between thestories.The first connection Id like to highlight is that both Tom and Booare Mockingbird figures. We know that Atticus and also Miss Maudietell the children, and I quote, Mockingbirds dont do one thing but make music for us to enjoy theydont do one thing but sing their hearts out for us. That is why it isa sin to kill a mockingbird.We see how Boo is portrayed as a mockingbird figure when he is lockedaway from any sort of formula life and society. That in turn, ruins anyhope he has of a normal life. However, Boo stays out of sight for manyyears and his only communication with anyone other than his family form any years when he leave gifts for Jem and Scout in the tree outsidehis house. The presents that Boo leaves show how thoughtful, compassionateand gentle Boo is. For example he leaves two dolls carved out of soapin the comparison of Jem and Scout. Immense effort and thought wouldhave gone into those dolls, just to pleasure the two children. Thisshows how Boo is being made a prisoner in his give birth home, for no reason,he isnt doing anything wrong. Also near the end of the novel we knowthat if it hadnt of been for Boo, the children would never have madeit home that night. This shows that Boo is like a Mockingbird, hedoesnt do any wrong at all, and just watches over the children to seethey are save and makes them nice things. We know now that a sin was perpetrate when his parents secluded Boo in the house they havecommitted a sin, as they would be killing a Mockingbird.This is where we see the first connection between Boos story and Tomsbecause Tom Robinson is also a Mockingbird Fi gure. We know that TomRobinson was found guilty to the charge of Rape to Mayella Ewell. Thishappened even though there was no evidence whatsoever to say that Tomdid it, and plenty to say that he was in fact totally innocent. AlsoTom in the trial shows how caring and honest he is when he says, I felt right sorry for her.This was a huge mistake by Tom as a down in the mouth man feeling sorry for a

The Identity and History of the Caribbean Essay -- Caribbean History C

The Identity and History of the CaribbeanThe Caribbean is a vastly diverse area representing the effects of colonialism, slavery, and the combination of many cultures.Since the arrival of Europeans the Caribbean islands have been going with constant change. The loss of native peoples and the introduction of the plantation system had immediate and permanent reprocussions on the islands. The Plantation system set up a ball club which consisted of a large, captive lower class and a powerful, wealthy upper class. As the plantation systems became successful labor was needed in order to progress. thrall became the answer to the problem. Slavery played an important role in the how the economy changed the islands because there was a shift on the main economic ingredient, Sugar. Section 2 of Caribbean Slave Society and Economy shows how the economy shifted during this expansion. Before sweeten became the main export in 1643, tobacco, sugar, indigo and ginger were the main exports in the English and french Antilles. Tobacco and cotton became important in pre-sugar era because it was easy to cultivate and did not need as much labor as the sugar plantations. Robert Carlylebatie in the essay Why sugar? Economic Cycles and the Changing of Staples on the English and French Antilles, 1624-54 writes, the mastery of the art of making sugar required time, skill and money. It is no wonder, then, that colonists waited until tobacco values reached very near their long-run levels before seriously committing themselves to learning how to produce muscovado, the common brown sugar later exported from the islands (44). As sugar became difficult to cultivate with little labor more labor were needed. The sugar production lead to the core o... ...ings that Slavery created a transformation in the Caribbeans identity and history. virgin societies, culture, identities, divisions between race and more were created. A social and political hierarchy was created which gave power to the whi tes while the blacks received no respect. Due to the ontogeny of the marroonage, revolts shows the slaves are becoming stronger as one and are revolting against their masters. New cultures are emerging and struggles for identity and rights are beginning to form. BibliographyBeckles, Dr. Hillary, Verene Shepherd. Caribbean Slave Society and Economy. The New Press, New York. New York, N.Y. 1991.Benitez-Rojo, Antonio The Repeating Island Duke University PressCliff, Michelle Abeng Plume BooksKnight, Franklin W. The Caribbean, The Genesis Of a Fragmented Nationalism. Oxford University Press, New York, N.Y. 1990

A Fading India :: Journalistic Essays

On the dawn of a June morning, I wait distant the Vasant Kunj residential buildings in New Delhi for a tour mint to the Taj Mahal. It is not yet six but India is never quiet. Nearly a billion great deal live in this country and need all twenty-four hours to live their hopes, fears, and dreams. The cows from the neighboring dairy farm are moaning wildly in arithmetic mean of being violated to produce milk. Men sit on verandas and read newspapers while women calm whistling tea kettles and fussy babies. On the street a traffic policeman waits to direct the morning commute, fiddling to center his beret and smoking a cigarette from the corner of his wrinkled mouth. I am waiting for the lofty Taj when another bus, advertising itself as the premier deluxe air-conditioned Taj Express, arrives, its seats apparently filled completely with people. I climb up the creaking move as the driver stretches his hand for a 10 rupee note for the pleasure of this upgraded ride. There is a reason why the bus is air-conditioned both of the windows are broken. A makeshift cellophane sheet stuck with duct tape over the open space keeps coming undone and rattles angrily against the ledge. This is not a bus for the country club crowd. Men show deep creases of labor and worry on their foreheads and women balance four or five children, on their laps and pressed against their bosoms. unless they are Indian, and they have a birthright and an obligation to respect their history. This is the country where spontaneous monuments sprout up in honor of Shivaji, the Hindu warrior who lost his friends, family, and and so his life in resisting the conquering Moguls. This is the country where people invoke the name of Gandhi at political rallies, Long Live Mahatma, as if his placid face lingers as a ghost on the stage. The Mahabharat, mostly mythical but historically based, was adapted for television a few years ago and remains the highest rated serial of all time. So , as overworked and overburdened as the masses may be, the Taj Mahal beckons to reveal the glory of Indias past to them. The back of the bus has an empty seat, next to a foreign tourist, which I claim as my own.

Essay --

For years on end, the U.S government has been in a large amount of debt. By understanding what our budget deficit looks like, you will be amazed to see how much money we spend each year. The government budget is a legal document that forecasts the government expenditures and revenues for a specific end of time (3). A budget period is usually one fiscal year and our data shows that we puddle been in a deficit for far in any case long which means that our government is spending a lot more money than we actually have. According to usgovernmentspending.com, the U.S spent 6.1 trillion dollars during this year of 2013 (1). With 20% to health care, 18% to pensions, 15% to education, 13% to defense, 9% to welfare, and the other 25% on everything else goes to show how much money we need to spend in order to economise this kingdom running strong (1).Many people have their own views and opinions on what we should do in order to get out of the hole that we have created over the years. A re liable source by the name of Nancy Pelosi who is a House Speaker stated, The best way to reduce the deficit is to grow our preservation the best way to grow our economy is to act on the priorities in the presidents budget. President Obamas budget will transform our economy and create jobs by irate taxes for 95 percent of Americans, making healthcare more affordable and accessible, creating a new, clean energy economy, and modernizing our schools to prepare our workforce for global competition (2). I personally agree with most of these ideas stated above because growing the economy and fixing the problems we have now will lower the deficit in the long run. startle off by making healthcare more accessible to everyone will allow Americans to feel more stable and secure... ...eed to enforce a tax on greenhouse gases. As we all know, these harmful gases are being fueled into the air every second of everyday. This would bring in money for government financing and make people realize that the government isnt free. We also need to create other sources of energy production. This would lower prices for gas, make machinery operations less expensive, entertain the environment and lower expenses on imports of fuel from other countries. With more energy reserves being established in the U.S. will also bring in a lot more jobs. Another option is to decrease foreign aid and military spending by a certain percentage. This would save our country billions of dollars. As you can see, there are many different routes we can take to decrease the budget deficit. We must all work together and form out a way to diminish any extra spending that is not needed.

Essay --

For years on end, the U.S government has been in a large add together of debt. By understanding what our cypher deficit looks like, you will be amazed to see how much money we spend each year. The government budget is a legal document that forecasts the government expenditures and revenues for a specific period of time (3). A budget period is usually one fiscal year and our selective information shows that we have been in a deficit for far too long which means that our government is spending a lot more money than we very have. According to usgovernmentspending.com, the U.S spent 6.1 trillion dollars during this year of 2013 (1). With 20% to health care, 18% to pensions, 15% to education, 13% to defense, 9% to welfare, and the new(prenominal) 25% on every(prenominal)thing else goes to show how much money we need to spend in order to keep this country running strong (1).Many people have their own views and opinions on what we should do in order to get out of the hole that we have created over the years. A reliable source by the name of Nancy Pelosi who is a House speaker unit stated, The best way to reduce the deficit is to grow our economy the best way to grow our economy is to act on the priorities in the presidents budget. President Obamas budget will transform our economy and create jobs by cutting taxes for 95 percent of Americans, making healthcare more affordable and accessible, creating a new, clean push button economy, and modernizing our schools to prepare our workforce for global competition (2). I personally agree with most of these ideas stated above because growing the economy and fixing the problems we have in a flash will lower the deficit in the long run. Starting off by making healthcare more accessible to everyone will allow Americans to looking more stable and secure... ...eed to enforce a tax on greenhouse gases. As we all know, these harmful gases are organism fueled into the air every second of everyday. This would bring in money for government funding and make people realize that the government isnt free. We also need to create other sources of energy production. This would lower prices for gas, make machinery operations less expensive, protect the environment and lower expenses on imports of fuel from other countries. With more energy reserves being established in the U.S. will also bring in a lot more jobs. Another option is to come down foreign aid and armed forces spending by a certain percentage. This would save our country billions of dollars. As you can see, there are many different routes we can take to decrease the budget deficit. We must all work together and figure out a way to diminish any extra spending that is not needed.

What is Art?

Art has no agreed upon definition. Art appears In many diverse sorts, from paintings and sculptures to crafts and even tattoos. Art Is an expression of what one thinks is beautiful and captivating. Art could be a song that makes you remember cherished memories or one that allows you to imagine the future. A painting of a beautiful field that looks so peaceful and inviting a person could escape from their reality and picture themselves surrounded by the serenity the stratagemificer has portrayed. Most everyone has his or her opinion of what craft Is.A sculpture like Michelangelo, David, depicts the beauty of the male pains, although some people might find It offensive, It has been considered a masterpiece of the reincarnation period. The Nude Magma by Francisco Soya this portrait is controversial for obvious reasons, while some may see the beauty in the nude woman form others may regard this painting distasteful. Leonardo dad Vines, famous, Mona Lisa has long been a topic of dis cussion in regards to what the painting itself represents, is it a man or a woman?Is there really a mystery behind that smile or Is she attempting to hide the pain? Art Is open to Interpretation, and that Is one of the many undischarged things about It. Buildings like the Leaning Tower of Pisa, Bucking Palace, and the Pyramids of Gaza, as well as structures like the Golden Gate Bridge and the Brooklyn Bridge, are designed in ship canal that took an immense amount of skill and imagination. These masterpieces are not only works of art, but they are all famous landmarks.Music Is also a form of art that has been around for a very long time. In the early period, there were composers of medieval practice of medicine and metempsychosis symphony. The Common Practice period brought us Baroque, Classical, and quixotic music and the Modern and Contemporary period brought Modern, 20th Century, Contemporary, and 21 SST Century music. The commonality, no matter what period, is the feeling on e gets when one listens to the music. You can feel the music deep within as If It is awakening every cell In your body.Music of all genres Is considered art, and when you pair It with dance, It brings the art to another level. There is no simple final result to the question, what is art? To me, art is something beautifully unique. A piece of the creative person that was created to make people understand and experience what the artist was feeling at the time. Some of the crush art I have ever seen and cherish the most are not the Mona Lisa or David. They are the photographs I have taken of my family and friends with huge smiles or goofy expressions.The macaroni necklaces and handmade Christmas ornaments my children have made me over the years. The pictures colored for me by my granddaughter. To me, they are priceless masterpieces. Therefore, in my opinion, art truly is in the eye of the beholder. Unfortunately, I have not has a abundant deal of exposure to the works of any partic ular artist. When it comes to art in any form, for me, I will get laid if I like or dislike any piece as soon as I see it. I have found that what be sick me in are the various colors used, as well as the style.What is Art?Art has no agreed upon definition. Art appears In many antithetic forms, from paintings and sculptures to crafts and even tattoos. Art Is an expression of what one thinks is beautiful and captivating. Art could be a song that makes you remember cherished memories or one that allows you to imagine the future. A painting of a beautiful field that looks so peaceful and inviting a person could escape from their reality and picture themselves surrounded by the serenity the artist has portrayed. Most everyone has his or her opinion of what art Is.A sculpture like Michelangelo, David, depicts the beauty of the male form, although some people might find It offensive, It has been considered a masterpiece of the Renaissance period. The Nude Magma by Francisco Soya this po rtrait is controversial for obvious reasons, while some may see the beauty in the nude woman form others may regard this painting distasteful. Leonardo dad Vines, famous, Mona Lisa has long been a topic of discussion in regards to what the painting itself represents, is it a man or a woman?Is there really a mystery behind that smile or Is she attempting to hide the pain? Art Is open to Interpretation, and that Is one of the many great things about It. Buildings like the Leaning Tower of Pisa, Bucking Palace, and the Pyramids of Gaza, as well as structures like the Golden Gate Bridge and the Brooklyn Bridge, are designed in ship canal that took an immense amount of skill and imagination. These masterpieces are not only works of art, but they are all famous landmarks.Music Is also a form of art that has been around for a very long time. In the early period, there were composers of medieval music and Renaissance music. The Common Practice period brought us Baroque, Classical, and sent imentalist music and the Modern and Contemporary period brought Modern, 20th Century, Contemporary, and 21 SST Century music. The commonality, no matter what period, is the feeling one gets when one listens to the music. You can feel the music deep within as If It is awakening every cell In your body.Music of all genres Is considered art, and when you pair It with dance, It brings the art to another level. There is no simple rejoinder to the question, what is art? To me, art is something beautifully unique. A piece of the artist that was created to make people understand and experience what the artist was feeling at the time. Some of the scoop out art I have ever seen and cherish the most are not the Mona Lisa or David. They are the photographs I have taken of my family and friends with huge smiles or goofy expressions.The macaroni necklaces and handmade Christmas ornaments my children have made me over the years. The pictures colored for me by my granddaughter. To me, they are pr iceless masterpieces. Therefore, in my opinion, art truly is in the eye of the beholder. Unfortunately, I have not has a great deal of exposure to the works of any particular artist. When it comes to art in any form, for me, I will eff if I like or dislike any piece as soon as I see it. I have found that what generate me in are the various colors used, as well as the style.

Compensation: Employment and Internal Alignment

1. Define earnings and discuss the variety of returns people original from their work? (8 marks) Compensation refers to all forms of financial return and tangible services and benefits employees receive as part of employment relationship. Other than that compensation pith something that counterbalance, offsets, or makes up for something else. However in the antithetical language the compensation itself have richness of meaning, which combines entitlement, returns and reward.Compensations be related with the employee and the employer performances, it means by employee performance of their works and the employer as the organization performance. Compensation need to be consider in all aspect especially in intragroup or external factor such as technology advancement, human capital, economic, government and others because it may affect the organizations itself. Other than that, the benefit of compensation toward the employees is it may annex the employee morale and its similarly a way to attract and retain employees.The variety of returns people receive from their work that argon categorized as total compensation and relational returns. The total compensations are transactional and the relational returns are psychological. Total compensation can be divided into two. First is cash compensation that means by they include pay outright as cash such as base, merit/cost of living, short term incentives and long term incentives. That normally employer pays for the work performed establish on their guide in performance appraisal.Second is indirectly as benefits such as income protection, work/life balance, and allowance. That is non-monetary benefits for the employees, for physical exertion all female employees are entitled for maternity allowance, transportations allowance, EPF or SOCSO and others. The relational returns are involved learning opportunities, status, challenging work and so on. By means the compensation is intangible. For example for recognition and status, as human universe normally people are loved to be respect by the others because that is a human nature.The increase of status means position of the employee may purify their morale and individual self-esteem. It overly may influence other people to compete and improve their performance and gain the competitive advantages. 2. Pay system are designed to achieve certain objective, list and briefly describes the three compensation objective? (10 marks) i. Efficiency ? Performance ? Quality ? Customer and shareowner ? Cost ii. pallidness iii. form iv. Ethics EfficiencyCan be stated more specifically first in improving performance, increasing quality, delighting customers and stakeholder and second is controlling labor cost. It besides means by the pay of the employees are equivalent with the employee performance. When the employees are satisfied with their payment it will improve the quality of work indirectly will also increase the product quality. When the employe es feels satisfied with their payment it will make the organization stable and it will help for the customer and stockholder loyalty (good image of organization).The organization also my control labor cost because they are able to attract and retain their employees. Fairness It is call as a fair treatment for all of the employees by recognizing some(prenominal) employees contri aloneions for example higher pay for greater performance, experience, or training and employees ask for example fair wage as fair procedures. The procedural forthrightness is refer to the process used to make pay decisions. It suggested the way a pay decision is made be equally as importance to employees as the result of decisions.For example, the CEO position are received the higher pay in organization it is because the decision that been made may give a king-sized impact towards the organization rather than the decision that had been made by the operator that may give a little impact only in department . Compliance As a pay objective means conforming to federal and state compensation law and regulations. If laws change, pay system may need to change, too to ensure continued compliance. As compliance go global, they must comply with the laws of all the countries in which they operates.It means by, even they are same position but in different country, the employees cannot have the same pay. It is because every country has own currency. So, it is not suitable to use the same compensation system in different country, it also may cause dissatisfaction among employees. 3. Discuss tetrad perspective of compensation? (12marks) i. Society Some people see pay as measure of justice. For example the comparison of earning between men and women highlights what many consider inequities in pay decisions. Benefits given as part of total compensation package may also be seen as a reflection of equity or justice in society.The society also may see that involved job losings or job gain in a countr y over time. It means by the compensation may increase the employee morale (job gain) or decline employee morale (job losses) because of dissatisfaction. Some consumers know that pay increase often lead to price increases. Its because the employer need to pay the employees by using their profits. ii. Stockholders They are also interested in how employees are paid. Some believe that using stock to pay employees creates sense of ownership that will improve performance, which will, in turn, increase stockholder wealth.It is because, the employee will feel more responsible as they feels that the organization as their own. iii. Managers For manager, compensation influences their success in two ways. First it is major expense. Competitive pressures, both global and local, force manager to consider the affordability of their compensation decision. Other than that, managers also used it to influences employees behavior and improve the organization performance because they have an authority to quantify the employees performance that relate to the compensations and benefits. v. Employees The pay individuals receive in return for the work they perform is usually the major source of their financial security. Employees may see compensation as a return in an exchange between their employer and themselves, as an entitlement for being an employee of the company, or as a reward for a job tumesce done. The employees see pay as the important things in their live because it determines the standard of living and the money that they need to plan for their future. 4. Elaborates four steps in developing a compensation dodging? 12 marks) i. Assets Total Compensation Implications Think about any organizations past, present, and its future. What factors in its business environment have contributed the companys success? Which factor that drive more or less likely important as company looks ahead? The company classifies the factors as business strategy and competitive dynamic, HR st rategy, culture/values, social and political context, employee/union needs and others HR system. Which is the employer itself must have clear understanding about their business. i. Map a Total Compensation Strategy Mapping is often used in marketing to clarify and communicate a products identity. A strategic map offers a picture of company compensation strategy. It can also clarify the message that the company is trying to deliver with its compensation system. The comparison with competitors using the diagram based on element on pay model such as, objective, internal alignment, external competitiveness, employee contributions and management. iii. Implement strategyInvolve fulfilling strategy through the design and execution of compensation system. Where implement the system that had been created. iv. Reassess Reassess and realign, closes the loop and recognize that the strategy must be changing to fit the changing conditions. Thus the periodic reassess is needs to continuously lear n, adapt, and improve. The result from using the system need to be assessed against objectives we are trying to achieve. 5. Define an internal alignment and briefly discuss any four factors which shape internal alignment? (10 marks)Internal alignment can be define as internal equity, refers to the pay relationships among different jobs/ skills/ competencies within a single organization. It also means by how to structure the position in organizations. For example, if a person holding degree, he will be measure under competencies, which is he has a good qualification than others. Factors which shape internal alignment - i. Government policies, laws and regulations. The equal employment legislations forbids pay system that discriminate on the basis of gender, race, religion or national origin.The equal pay for equal work with considers under equal if it is equal skills, equal effort and equal responsibility and is performed under equal works conditions. ii. Organization strategy It may influence the internal alignment. The belief is that pay structure that are not aligned with organization strategy may become obstacles to the organization success. iii. Organization Human Capital Human capitals are based on education, experience, knowledge, abilities and skills require performing the work. It is a major influence in internal alignment.The greater the values added by the skills and experience the more pay those skills will command. iv. Overall HR policies The organization other human resource policies also may influence internal pay structures. Most organizations tie money to promotions to induce the employees to apply for higher-level position. If organization has more levels, it can offer more promotions, but thither may be smaller pay differences between levels. The belief is that more frequent promotions (even without significant pay increase) offer sense of career progress to employees. pic

Friedman vs Keynes

Friedman vs. Keynes I. INTRO . II. Milton Friedman A. Historical Background B. hatful of Economy a. Early Views b. Later Views C. Influence on Policy Makers a. Richard Nixon b. Ronald Reagan III. John Maynard Keynes A. Historical Background B. View of Economy a. Trade b. Unemployment C. Influence on Policy Makers a. Prime Minister David Lloyd George b. Frank D. Roosevelt IV. Conclusion Friedman vs. Keynes The discipline of macroeconomics deals with the performance, structure, and behavior of a national saving as a whole.Macroeconomic experts seek to understand the determinants of aggregate trends in an economy with particular focus on national income, unemployment, inflation, investment, and international trade. Milton Friedman and John Maynard Keynes, who was both great economists, embraced the antithetic challenges of the world by imposing their own philosophies. Although both Friedman and Keynes have some similarities, strong disagreements about the monetary arena set them apar t. These two gentlemen traveled divers(prenominal) paths of economics their whole life to establish ground rules for the government to follow.The first son of a working class Jewish family, Milton Friedman was born in current York City in the early 1900s. Milton graduated high school before his 16th birthday and received a scholarship to Rutgers University where he began a strong suit in mathematics. Miltons interest in economics was influenced by two economics professors during his undergraduate studies during the time of the Great Depression (Friedman, 2005). He was convinced that the charter of economics could help solve ongoing economic difficulties. Milton graduated with a double major of economics and mathematics.Milton has been credited as being the most important economist of the second half on the twentieth century. Though originally a follower of the theories of John Maynard Keynes, Friedman afterwards revoked the ideas of central control after witnessing the cause and moved towards advocating free markets. Friedmans views of monetary policy, taxation, privatization, deregulation influenced the presidential term of Ronald Reagan in the United States during the 1980s and Margaret Thatcher in Britain. Friedman served on the committee of economic advisors for hot seat Richard Nixon and was at times nsuccessful at convincing Nixon to accept his advice (Stein, 2006). In addition to the influence on world leaders, Friedmans impact on economy is overly evident in his contribution to the payroll withholding tax system. This system was put in place to counteract tax evasion and tax avoidance either by domestic or international taxpayers. Milton Friedman also advocated for a voluntary military and against a draft. Friedmans approach to economy and government true into a laissez-faire view. He defended capitalism and criticized the ideas of the New Deal. John Maynard Keynes was born in Cambridge, England in 1883.Johns father was a registrar at the Uni versity of Cambridge and an economist while Johns mother was one of the first female graduates of the University of Cambridge, and later the mayor of Cambridge. John Maynard Keynes began his studies in mathematics and the classics at Kings College of Cambridge (Reich, 1999). Keynes was strongly influenced by Alfred Marshall to change his academic interests to politics and economics. Upon completion of his undergraduate studies Keynes became a civil servant in India for a spell and later returned to Cambridge to teach economics.As World War I ensued Keynes returned to government employment and studied relations with war allies. Keynes acted as an economic advisor to Prime Minister David Lloyd George (Reich, 1999). Keynes is dress hat known for his work and theories of prolonged unemployment. In his 1936 publication Keyness General Theory of Employment, Interest and Money Keynes explores the competitive capitalist economy that could move the economy toward a state of full employment based on a government sponsored policy.One could argue that geography, upbringing, and the social era that each economist was at during his professional person peak as contributing factors to their differences. Friedmans ideals appear to be rooted in rules while Keynes believed that policy should be carried out by superior elite. charm Friedman believed that the interest is a real phenomenon is determined by the supply of and demand for loaned funds, Keynes would argue against. Keynes would pose that the interest rate is a monetary phenomenon and is determined by the supply of demand for funds.There are obvious differences between Friedman and Keynes, yet there are some underlying similarities in their work. Both of these economists were great advocates of their ideas both power saw the great depression as a crisis due to lack of demand both wrote in favor of floating exchange rates and both were on the side of freedom in the great ideological struggle of the 20th century. In add ition, both economists believed that capitalism should be preserved and that there were financial policies that could foul a reasonable rate of growth (Stein, 2006).Based on the research that I have conducted I tend to lean towards agreeing with Friedman, though I do not reject all of the concepts presented by Keynes. Friedmans approach to an unbalanced economy is realistic to what is seen in todays economy. In following Friedmans suit, I suspect that the aggregate economic state of the United States today, specifically increasing gas prices and high unemployment, as a result of significant world events. pile/ECO-202 Reference Friedman, M. (2005).Milton Friedman Autobiography The Sveriges Riksbank Prize in Economic Sciences in Memory of Alfred Nobel 1976. Retrieved October 20, 2007, from http//nobelprize. org/nobel_prizes/ economics/laureates/1976/friedman-autobio. html Reich, R. B. (1999, March 29). John Maynard Keynes His radical idea that governments should spend money they don t have may have saved capitalism Electronic Version. Time. Stein, B. (2006, November 27). Milton Friedman, freedom fighter. Retrieved October 20, 2007, from http//www. time. com/time

How Do Narrative and Genre Features Create Meaning Essay

As film audiences we cook an expectation of particular conventions, which certain film musical styles snuff it with and if these expectations atomic number 18 met, then viewing pleasure is certified. This is a result of our understanding of generic conventions, which derives from past experiences with films we have seen. The film industry understands this, but is however, constantly attempting to ? live on these genres sometimes for artistic reasons and sometimes to secure financial revenue. The narrative of a film is the sequence of events which are organised in a structure to ramify and develop a plot.It is just as important in function as the genre is, with regard to securing audiences and satisfying their expectations and audiences will have particular anticipations for a narratives different segments. By this we can observe that a film producer is dependent at least partly on the blessedness of the films target audience for the proceeds at the box office. This essay will discuss how a 10-minute sequence from James Wans ? Saw (2004), make use ofs mevery conventions from a few different genres and it considers how the narrative ties in with this.The film in itself illustrates so m all of the conventional rules attached to a thriller, that we have learnt to accept as ? normal. I would describe this sequence as a pastiche as it is not only thrillerish but thither are also elements of detective genre. These are all traits within a horror movie. The clip begins with what we believe is detective Tapp carrying out surveillance on Dr. Gordons house. He is filming their bedroom window and talking, but to whom we have no knowledge. As the television camera moves from the television system screen to a side wall, the frame reveals a digest of images, of who we assume to be Dr.Gordon. It also shows that he has perhaps been recording phone calls from within Dr. Gordons household. The mise-en-scene (stacks of empty coffee cups and take away trays) illustrates t hat detective Tapp has been there for quite some time, and it is now evident that he is in fact alone. Suddenly, we are confronted with a wall plastered in a mass of newsprint clippings. We realise that this is not official police work, it could be straw. This convention of the obsessed detective is a usual element of thriller films as well as in crime films. A cross fade is the utilised for the introduction of the conterminous frame.Fades are commonly employed to suggest a flashback or for the use of sorrowful forward in time, but in this caseful we consider that it is a flashback, though we are still uncertain. This car scene involves Dr. Gordon being taken home plate by detective Tapp. Unlike others, this film concentrates solely on the plot and the characters and the director ensures this through the way there is never or rarely any flat coat situations which might distract the audience. Everything excluding the characters is darkened out, leaving the audience nothing to observe but them and their conversation. The next scene reveals Tapp at his desk, watching evidence from the ? reciprocating saw case, we can see that his desk lamp is focused on a mound of file work which may be more significant than the ? fretsaw case, work which he evidently does not see as priority. Detective Tapps back is turned to this mound of work and he is focused on the television screen, scrutinizing the video tape. Also, the mise-en-scene shows only a few newspaper clippings on the side of his work space in this scene, which might be suggesting this is the beginning of his ? stalking behaviour. With one desk lamp on in the stainless room it is evident that all of his other colleagues are going or have already gone home.This face of behaviour (working over hours when everyone else has left) is suggestive of reclusive characters with little or no social or family life, having nothing but work to look forward to and these characters are usually found in crime-thriller movies or psychological-thriller movies. This ? work obsessed character is reinforced when his work colleagues invite him to accompany them and he declines without even removing his gaze from the television screen. The character of Tapp is played by the actor Danny Glover, frequently associated with the perform-crime-thriller sequel films ? Lethal Weapon.In these films he also plays a detective officer a lot involved in action, so it comes as no surprise that we have expectation of the narrative to place him in a place of police action. Again, the background is dark, suggesting that nothing else matters to this character, including his partner, Sing, who remains behind. Sings demeanour implies that Tapps behaviour is possibly recent and unusual, transpiring only, through the ? jigsaw case. The frame illustrating half of the exonerated on Sing may bring connotations that he is in half a mind near Tapp, he is unsure about what has happened to him and why.After noticing something a bout the evidence, Tapp hurriedly beckons Sing back. In this scene we see Sing under a more (although not much more) prominent light in melody to before. Tapp is still the one mostly saturated in light, he is the one with the information and we see that as Sing learns and gains more information, the light shed on him also increases. The snapshots that the clip uses of the derelict warehouses, remind us of a stalker ? the way that detective Tapp stalks Dr. Gordon and the way ? jigsaw stalks his victims. This type of stalking behaviour again, colligate in with the conventions of the thriller genre.The next frame portrays both Tapp and Sing looking onto a map, both saturated in an equal amount of light. They are just as important as each other here they need each other to make a break through. This is reflected in their names, Tapp and Sing ? when combined structured it creates rhythm and music, an outcome. This convention of crime/detective partners having a connection between thei r names, and their names revealing traits of their characters when they are together, is usually found in detective-thriller/action genre films, e. g. in the action ? crime-thriller ? Lethal Weapon the main characters are called ?Martin Riggs and ? Roger Murtauth. The way that the first letters of their names are arranged, mirrors the way that the characters work in diametric ways (M. R. as oppose to R. M). On the car journey to the derelict factory, everything in the background is darkened out, thus creating the feeling of suspense and mystery. Also, with barely any street lighting, it could be proposed that this road is not popularly accessed by the public, signifying there could be danger here. These are all generic conventions of a thriller film. The mise-en-scene mainly supplies us with dark and dull colourises, i. e.black and metal grey, which run throughout the film, connotating mystery, a cold and possibly even pain and depressing feelings, which create the theme for the e ntire movie. As the two detectives ascend the stairs, they are entering darkness again a sign that they dont know what is ahead of them. The use of a handheld camera panning the scene allows for a sense of first hand experience to take place, again correlated with thriller films, i. e. ? The Blair Witch Project. As they tone-beginning the ? workspace of this scene, we notice how lighting is positioned over specific areas, where there are ?projects developing.Each of these are concealinged by a red cloth. To some, i. e. the police characters and some audiences, the colour red would have connotations of danger. In this case, the colour red signifies passion. The red cloth is used by ? jigsaw to signify passion for the projects that he has covered in the cloth. One main theme can be found in all of the characters in this clip ? they are all deeply passionate and devoted to their work. Conventions of a horror genre can be found in the next upcoming scene. Here we witness the detecti ves discover a seemingly peanut man entrapped in a death contraption and we soon after determine when ?jigsaw returns, that this merely a ? test run for a later on purpose. Sinisterly, ? jigsaw wears a cloak with a strip of the same cloth that he has used to cover his projects, he is truly devoted to this work and the interconnected cloak almost makes it seem like this is his ? team. As the detectives leap out of their hiding places and confront him, ? jigsaw stamps the contraption to a start, leaving the detectives panicking and him in control of the situation. Again, by using a hand-held camera with an over the shoulder shot behind the ? jigsaw, the audience sees the ?jigsaw as the largest intention and therefore the dominant party in this scene consequently the detectives literally look small in this scene, clueless under the grasp of this psycho. This hand-held camera technique also delivers a sense of panic to the audience. Subsequently, fast editing shots build suspense and panic, leading to the peak where one person on each side of the room manages to escape ? the victim escapes his death, and ? jigsaw escapes the detectives, one a split second after the other. For that minute split second we have the uplifted hope that the detectives have gained control of this situation.Our hopes are sunk however as Tapp is slashed across the throat and ? jigsaw escapes. This is an expectation that audiences have become acquired with in thriller movie narratives. This film delivers many expectations as well as offering new interweaves that may never have been supplied to a thriller audience before. In this next frame which shows Sing running along a corridor, two main genres come into place horror and action thriller. The frame shows conventions of horror films through its use of the green coloured steam coming from the mouldy pipes along this gory corridor.The narrative of a police officer chasing a criminal is typical of an action thriller film. The scene where Sing is trying to protrude through the cobwebs to get to ?jigsaw as he lays ? dead on the floor is significant. This barricade of cobwebs is an illusion to cover the trip-wire which will be the cause of Sings death. This illusion is a reminder that nothing is as it may seem, a principle of psychological-thriller films. As Sing collapses dying, ? jigsaw rises, evidently still alive another illusion. The last scene of this clip begins with a close up of the scar on Tapps neck, gained when he was slashed by ?jigsaw. At this instant, our prior beliefs that this was all a flashback are confirmed. A scar takes time to heal and where Tapps physical scars have healed, his mental scars have not. We see him frantically talking to a framed picture of Sing, as well as talking to himself. A framed picture usually contains family or friends people who are close to you, and so, it is reinforced to us that Sing was his only family. Tapp blames himself for the death of Sing, perhaps why, althoug h he has already been discharged from the force, he feels he needs to close this case as he owes it to Sing. Word count 1,927.

Consider how effectively does David Lean creates an atmosphere of fear and suspense in the opening sequence of ‘Great Expectations’

Welcome to the new monthly section of The Film Watchers Journal in which we discuss a question asked to us by a reader. As it is nearly Halloween, our topic for this month will be, What is the best way to create an atmosphere of precaution and incredulity in a tear? To do this I will first discuss my personal views on this question and then we will take a deeper study of the classic cliff-hanging opening of the 1945 film Great Expectations, directed by the great David Lean and the Academy Award Winner of Best motion-picture photography and Best Art Direction in 1946.To start with, lets consider what get throughs a film scary and suspenseful. Some may say that it is outright scares and jumps, though I believe that it is to a greater extent than than that. Something within us needs to gumption the fear of the characters and there are many techniques a director can use to acquire that. One of the main causes of fear is the music. Large periods of silence can authentically ge t you observeing scared as you wait for something to happen, al one and only(a) equally I also would say that it is chilling when you hear the odd sound such as creaking or the wind to give a sense of naturalism and pulls at our basic fears of these sorts of noises.Another way that many films are made to be scary is by their use of demoraliseing. Again the basic fear of the off-key is used, notwithstanding also making certain aspects of the scene light or dark can foreshadow future events and subconsciously make the viewer feel worried about what is going to happen. There are also of course many other ways of making a scene fearful and suspenseful such as camera movement, the relative size of what is in the frame, speed of editing and lots of other things besides but we will get to this as I analyse the opening scenes of Great Expectations as it has many good examples which can be noted.To start with it would be wrong not to look at how the opening spear of the scene in which the book is read. At first glance it may not seem to have any fear or suspense as it is a very everyday object, but I rally that there is relevance to this in the overall set up up of apprehension. As it is read, the calmness of the melody in the background is tardily overtaken by the sound of the wind as the story begins, and the way this is makes you wonder what is going to happen and starts building up some tension, especially as the pages of the book flick in some supernatural way.It immediately focuses you on it as the book is lit up, frame by the darkness of an unknown place which may be playing on our fear of the unknown. It then fades into the next scene, which I believe gives it a sense of smooth carrying on, and the suspense really starts to kick in. One of the key ways in which David Lean creates fear is by the imagery of death all around, a common technique used by directors. One of the chief examples of this is when Pip runs past the gallows in the wide open marsh es. With the use of perspective he really looks the same size as the first, almost as if it is made for him.Subconsciously I think that this must make the scene more annoyinging for the reference as they have the picture of him and death together in their minds. This is strongly reinforced by the second gibbet which towers over him as he runs underneath it which again shows that death is over him all the time. I find that this is a very effective way of creating fear as it is not too unam sizableuous so it works at our subconscious which is more subtle and can create more lasting and deeper fears as we slowly piece them together in the backs of our minds.Another example of death imagery is obviously the graveyard which almost always has the gravestones looking bigger than Pip and looming over him, possibly to create a sense of foreboding. I think that the constant reminder of death being always there is definitely a big reason that this is the classic suspense scene always reme mbered. Of course imagery is also used elsewhere one of the foremost cases of this is when the second tree is shown looming over Pip you can quite an clearly see what seems to be a face in the gnarled bark.This reflects the childish fears of Pip and therefore makes us immediately empathise with him and feel his fear as well due to our compassion for frightened children that is within most people, especially seeing as that sort of thing can live in with us until we are much older. Of course the imagery is not the only way of creating fear and suspense. Another obvious technique used in this film is the way objects or people, specifically Pip, are placed in the frame to give them certain relevance. This is shown to start with by the world seeming very big and Pip seeming very small by using very distant establishing shots.You may think that this would make him seem quite irrelevant but as he is kept quite central in the mise en scine and the camera moves with him we can see that his size on the screen must practice a different aspire and I believe that this is to show us just how scary and big this world is, especially to a child, and straight outdoor(a) lead us to empathise with him and therefore feel his fear. Again this use of size is echoed later in the scene when Pip meets the convict, with the convict always grand over him in a way that makes him seem very weak and in peril.At some points we cannot even see the convicts head as it is looming so high above him that it does not fit in the frame. It could be said that this is just for practicality but I think it is important because in quite a lot of the time we can be more scared by what we cannot see that what we can see and the concomitant that his head is not in the shot makes it seem all the more frustrating as we do not feel that we can see the whole picture and therefore it scares us as the unknown is a massive factor in how we get scared..Another more subtle way that this film gets into our subc onscious is through very adroit lighting which can be seen as very symbolic. In the shot where the boy runs toward the camera we can quite clearly see that the foreground is darker than the light shining on the horizon so we can plainly see that the boy is running from the light into the dark and I would associate this with danger and fear. However, I think the use of light is most evident in the section with Pip and the convict as Pip clearly has the light shining on him while the convict is left in the dark.This not only makes him more mysterious as we cannot see him as well as we would like to but it also makes him seem dark and scary which sparks most peoples inner fear of darkness and again that which is unknown. Use of the dark is therefore a very popularly used way to really get into peoples heads as it is a primal fear that everyone has and instantaneously makes us feel nervous when this man is introduced because he is so dark within the frame compared to Pip whom we have c ome to trust who is lit up.Although a lot of the lighting is not as strong as in some other films, I think that the way that it affects us is still quite noticeable and does serve a very useful purpose in that it grabs our attention and slowly builds up future unconscious foreshadowing of future events. Probably one of the more obvious things which David Lean uses to create tension is his use of sounds. Unlike many other suspenseful films he does not use suspenseful music or much silence, but in fact the chilling sounds of the howling wind, distant seabird call and the creaking of trees.These may seem a little over the top to a modern audition used to being scared in much more elaborate ways, but they still can make you shiver if you are really acquire into the film. A great deal of this is just repeated over and over, so you are lulled into a false sense of security so that when the scream comes as Pip is grabbed by the convict you are caught completely off guard. This use of a l ong period of similar sounds then a large, surprising one is often used to great effect in films and the shock of it is a very good tactic as it shakes the audience into focus and really makes them bring in whats happening.The scream itself is quite scary as, having to got to empathise with the boy, we immediately share his fear and want to know what is going on but cant quite tell. I think that this is again going back to the fear of the unknown which has seemed to come up quite often in this review. Lastly, it is useful to look at some of the more technical techniques used to make this film suspenseful, namely camera movement and post production editing.I dont feel that the way the camera moves makes it quite as suspenseful as it could be as there is not all that much done with it other than panning across whenever Pip moves. It could possibly be amend had more been done with it such as zooming in slowly to build up tension or quick movement away from Pip to dissociate with him at some points. However, it could be said that the lack of movement in the shots makes them seem more sharply put together and could make movement more edgy and therefore in a way scarier.The editing on the other hand I feel is quite well done to make it seem more suspenseful. As the scene opens there are long, slow moving shots which establish us into the scene and make us feel a sense of what it is like to be there and begin to draw us into it. The shots continue to be long and unhurried until the lengthy shot of Pip slowly looking round behind him as he begins to feel that something is wrong. The shots then speed up rapidly, cutting from him to the tree then back to him and even more quickly onto the tree with the gnarled face.With this we can feel his fear building up and we begin to feel it ourselves too, and as he gets up and runs we are full with him and are just as surprise as him when his is grabbed by the convict. The shots stay quite fast as he has his conversation with the convict which I feel reflects his own fear in the situation and again, because we have already built up some form of empathy for Pips character during the short time before, we begin to worry what will happen as well.So there it is, I can answer the question that in this old classic the way that David Lean thinks that a film can be made suspenseful and fearful is mainly by slowly getting us to feel for a character and build up imagery of death and subconsciously pull through feeding us fearful pictures and sounds so that when the climax of the fear comes we are equally as shocked as Pip is.Although modern audiences might scoff at this movie as it is not as scary by todays standards, I think that it is a very clever piece of film in making you scared without being too obvious about it and that if you look carefully in more contemporary films you will see that even then the same techniques are generally used. Thats it for this months film question, but please write in with respo nses or suggestions for November, and keep an eye out for these techniques when you are next watching a scary film

Analyse the UK shower industry, value proposition of Quartz-Aqualisa’s revolutionary shower, marketing strategies employed by Aqualisa

This document analyses the UK shower industry, value proposition of crystal-Aqualisas revolutionary shower, tradeing strategies employed by Aqualisa and suggests ways to make them more effective.The UK squander merchandise place place Product Offers and the Customer BehaviourThe current food market size of all contrastive kinds of showers protracted in UK was more than 1.8 million units valuing more than 5 Billion.1 Only 60% of the bathrooms in UK had a shower whereas all bathrooms had a bathtub.Prevalent problems in plumbing systems and showersThe plumbing in UK was predominantly of the Victorian era. These systems were gravity fed which resulted in non uniform pressure and flow resulting in temperature fluctuations. The flow rates were around 3-4 litres per minute against the standard flow rates of 18 litres per minute in the USA. excessively the showers broke crush frequently and were difficult to repair as the seals utilize to get jammed and needed replacement. The r eplacement of the broken/worn down showers accounted for intimately 50% market.2The users were having poor knowledge about the showers, on hand(predicate) brands and options. These problems influenced the UK shower market and therefore shaped the consumer behaviour and the products available in the market.Market SegmentsThe shower market can be broadly segmented in two categories User and Non-Users. Refer App blockix testify 1.USERSPremium users looked for style, performance, receipts and life.Standard users looked for performance, life and service of the shower.Value users looked for price, convenience and models that did non require major excavation and modifications in their bathrooms.NON-USERSPlumbers Plumbers interacted through variety of ways with the end users- selectly or indirectly. They maintained besotted relationships with the manufacturers of the showers. They played a key role in the sale of the showers.3Developers They were the property developers in the UK. They preferred reliable showers which could work under multiple settings. They were price sensitive. They had direct contacts with the manufacturers or depended on the independent plumbers.DIY These are large retail outlets which targeted customers who are primarily looking for ease of installation and inexpensive models. thither were substantial gross gross sales taking place through this channel.4Different Models and the Product OffersBased on the problems that existed, the market segmentation and the factors influencing decision making, three main types of showers were available in the market Electric exhibitioners, social Showers and the world-beater Showers. They were targeted at different market segments under different brand names by manufactures.Quartz Value PropositionThere give be two Value Propositions Statements5 based on the market segmentation one for Users and the other one for Non Users. Refer Appendix discover 3It is considered that the Quartz Showers will be chosen over the competitive Mixer and the Power Showers. This is because of-Superior Design Quartz range was designed to overcome the limitations of the Mixer and Power Showers, therefore in long term they will replace them completely.Current market share6 Aqualisa has only 20 % and 16.7% of the current market share in the mixer showers and the power showers category. It is ranked 2nd and 5th respectively in these two categories. These two sectors offer the maximum growth electric potential and possibility of capturing new market share.Total costs7 The initial cost of the Quartz showers are higher than both the Mixer Shower and the Power Showers, however installation of Mixer Showers require additional expenditure. It needs 2 man-days of the plumber which costs atleast 640 (considering 40 per hour and 8 hours per day). Additionally, the plumbers charge the cost of excavation- savvy and materials extra. Therefore the total costs of ownership of Quartz Standard showers turn out t o be cheaper.Multiple Brand schema Gainsborough, Aqualisa and ShowerMaxBased on the market segmentation shown above, Aqualisa uses three different brands to position and serve its target markets optimally.The use of different brands is a positioning policy so that Aqualisa can determine its trade Mix8 for each target market segment in order to occupy a calorie-free, distinctive and attractive position in the minds of the consumers relative to the competing brands and products.9 It is made clear from the figure below that the three different brands (shown by different colours) have three different products, price range, promotional impart and distribution channels.The selling Framework10 stance Strategy and 4PsQuartz Mainstream or NicheAqualisa spent nearly 5.8 Million over a period of 3 years to develop Quartz. This is close to 10% of the total revenue generated by the firm in the year 2000.11 Additional modules could be built upon the existent Quartz installations to provide sophisticated features with customised benefits e.g. horizontal automobile trunk Jet. The heavy expense, scalable plug-ins and the raze total costs of ownership suggest that Quartz was designed to be a mainstream product.Quartz Why are they not contending?The sales of Quartz are not picking up for number of reasons1. Rogers Five Factors12 determine the rate of acceptance of an innovation in a market place. These Five Factors are relative advantage, compatibility, complexity, trialability and observability. Quartz scored low on the compatibility because the plumbers who were selling and influencing the buying decisions of the consumers, were vary of use of electronics in the showers. Also, Aqualisa was not effectively go trials/demonstrations to its users (except through showrooms) and plumbers in its market outline and therefore loosing sales. Whenever, the plumber or the consumer was getting a demonstration it was resulting in a sale.2. Associated Cost Savings The lower tot al costs of ownerships were not clearly communicated to the plumbers and the end users to mitigate indisposition due to the higher initial price of Quartz.3. Plumber mindset and long credence times No explicit efforts were taken to educate the plumbers. They were only communicated verbally about the additional benefits of the Quartz, however no workshops or trainings were carried out to overcome the reluctance of the plumbers.4. Lack of clarity in the sales team and conflicting brands resulting in lower sales. The sales team lacked clarity on which product it had to promote- Quartz or the mainstream products-Aquavalve and Aquastream. Infact, Rawlinson and the national sales manager Tim Pestell had different views on Quartz mainstream or niche nature. This resulted in lower push from sales team.5. Only 10% of their time was use by gross sales team on new prospects. This meant that they were limiting themselves to a smaller group of potential buyers.6. knowingness There were littl e actions taken to circle the benefits and the wow factor of the Quartz shower to the end consumers apart from a weekly advertisement in The Mail.What should Rawlinson do?To ontogenesis sales, it is necessary to understand the termination Making Process (DMP)13 of the target market segments. The DMP of the users and the plumbers are different. For DIY and Developers, we would need to establish a separate strategy.Mapping the DMPPlumbers Users Premium, StandardUnaware UnawareAwareness AwarenessReluctance DemonstrationTrial Knowledge of benefitsPurchase PurchasePositive Attitude/ReferenceRepeatBased on the DMP, our Marketing and communications Strategy should be to increase awareness and trial/demonstrations. Further, the strategy should be based on the 6Ms model14 to consider all the aspects and maximize the output.6Ms Model1. Market We have not targeting the user-value segment since it is not suitable for Quartz.2. Mission To achieve a sale of at least 100 units per day in the next 3-4 months to bring Quartz in the mainstream segment. The maximum time available till another competitor catches up with the innovation is estimated to be 2 years.3. Message The message has to be different for the Plumbers and the Users. The different messages will be the statement of benefits that are spelled out in the Value Proposition of Quartz. Refer Appendix Exhibit 2.4. Media4.1 Advertising Full fledge advertisement campaign have high costs15. Therefore advertisement expenditure will be limited. However, a new and cost effective media can be the back of the Shower Gel Bottles. This way Aqualisa will be able to reach the users and even the non-user market very effectively. A small pilot assay can be carried out immediately to determine its possible impact and its cost. Internet advertisement is also an effective and a cheaper way to reach the end users. The Pay per click concept will help keep the advertising costs down.4.2 Sales Team A change in the marketing mental s ynthesis of Aqualisa is needed so that greater focus can be given on each channel. The suggested marketing structure is shown in Appendix Exhibit 4.4.3 direct Management & Sales Promotion This is based on giving incentives and forming stronger commercial relationships with the channel partners to push16 the Quartz through different channels available.Plumbers Launch Event aim a launch cum training event for one full day where plumbers from different locations can be brought together and explained about the product. This should include a hands on training program so that they realise the ease and get rid of any misconceptions. This can be repeated if required. Plumber homage Program & Commissions Plumbers association with Aqualisa can be made official. Plumbers can be given commission for every sale of Quartz. This will immediately get their management and help eliminate any doubts. While advertising Quartz directly to the users, their names can appear as the list of authorised p lumbers to fit/sell Quartz in the specific territory. In return, a small fee can be charged to them for their official partnership. References Aqualisa can use references from respected plumbers to approve the credibility of Quartz. Going beyond the existing associated plumbers To look and expand beyond the already known plumbers. calling Shops Videos showing the entire installation process in a step wise manner and the associated cost savings to plumbers. Early discounts In-order to keep their commitment towards Quartz, certain Early Discounts schemes may be offered. Training the Trade Shop staff to sell on Associated Cost Savings for the plumbers. The trade shop staff should be able to explain Quartz benefits and how it is different from the earlier failed showers which used electronics. Expand to other Trade Shops Increase coverage to newer trade shops and territories.Showrooms & Distributors Expand to untapped Showrooms & Distributors in new geographies without conflicting the existing ones. Early discounts4.4 Integrated MarketingAqualisas direct communication with end user should not result in direct business. The sales to the end users must be routed through authorised channels of showrooms and plumbers. Also the retail pricing for the plumbers and the showrooms will have to be same and fixed to avoid under-cutting. The idea is to create customer awareness and to use the displume Strategy through either of the two channels. This will keep the current relationship with the channel partners intact.5. Money The entire Marketing communication and promotion strategy has been designed such that the initial cash outflow is less. Refer Appendix Exhibit 56. Measurement It is extremely important to monitor closely how sales are picking up after taking all the initiatives. The restructuring of the marketing department suggested will help. Daily reports with key facts and figures will be made available to the Rawlinson who can then take suitable actions.Stripped d own version for the Developers & DIYAqualisa should develop a stripped down version of the Quartz for the DIY and Developers market(brand it under their existing Gainsborough & ShowerMax brands). Branding it under a different name will keep their Aqualisa brand intact. The fact that Quartz will become a platform on for subsequent hi-end solutions, it is recommended to concentrate on higher volumes than margins initially.ConclusionClose monitoring and implementations of the suggested schemes will help Aqualisa increase sales of Quartz to achieve its mainstream status.AppendixExhibit 1 Market SegmentExhibit 2 Various shower categories, Aqualisas Offerings and the Channels used by them.Exhibit 3 Value Proposition of Quartz.Exhibit 4 New Sales & Marketing Department Structure.Exhibit 5 Marketing Communication and Promotion Expenditure.Exhibit 1 Market SegmentUK Shower Market SegmentExhibit 3 Value Proposition of QuartzValue Proposition Statement17 for USERSPremium and Standard catego ry Users who need bathroom showers will buy Quartz Standard Shower and Quartz wield Shower because it delivers water at good and stable pressures and temperatures, it is easy to use, it does not break down and has stunning looks. They will choose this over the Mixer and the Power Showers of other players such as Mira, Masco, high-minded Standard and Triton because we can uniquely offer remotely located water mixing mechanism that is electronically controlled and superior design from our focus on innovation, state art of testing facilities and engineering emergence team.Value Proposition Statement for NON USERSPlumbers who sell and influence buying decisions of bathroom showers will buy and recommend Quartz Standard Shower and Quartz Pumped Shower because it is easy to install, can be installed four times faster, does not need any excavation, offer a 5 year parts warranty, does not go wrong and need a second free visit. They will choose this over theMixer and the Power Showers of other players such as Mira, Masco, Ideal Standard and Triton because we can uniquely offer remotely located water mixing mechanism that is electronically controlled and superior design from our focus on innovation, state art of testing facilities and engineering development team.Exhibit 4 New Sales & Marketing Department Structure.Exhibit 5 Marketing Communication and Promotion Expenditure.Less focus is given on advertisement and more focus is given on the push strategies. This way the maximum proportion of the marketing promotion expenditure occurs after the actual sales occur.Marketing Communications Media Expenditure type Before / subsequently Sale1. Advertising on Shower Gels Before2. Advertising on Internet (pay per click) Before the sale, but charged only on click not for placements3. Advertising in Newspapers Before4. Sales Restructuring Extra Mktg. executives Before, however they will be used for closer monitoring of the implementation schemes and to push other products also.5. Channels Plumbers Commission AfterPlumber inscription Program BeforeLaunch Event BeforeTrade Shops Early Discounts AfterTrade shops staff training costs BeforeShowrooms Early Discounts AfterOnly in cases of Launch event and training programs there can be a substantial outflow earlier, however this is absolutely necessary to increase awareness in the Plumbers.

Why You Shouldn’t Drop Out of High School

Why Does High School better So Many? Majority of students decide to drop out because of not having the support they need from their parents or the fact that school is uninteresting to them. Once the students self-assertion goes d avow, the thought of them doing well in school is impossible. When their self-esteem drops the students may to think why even attend school or what is the point of going to straighten out. Students find it hard to pay attention in phase while development when the material given up out is boring.If students fail to lose interest in the subject or topic they are take oning about, it may lead them falling asleep in class, staring at the clock waiting until class is over, or disturbing another person in class to communicate about something else. Once a student has lost interest in school its highly expected students will not start to show up for class. High school students drop out of school because the educateers dont pick out the class more interesti ng.Students would go in to class and ones it starts the students would start starring into space thinking and apply their imagination. Teachers sometimes dont have that ability to try and get the students more motivated in what the whole class is about. Mr. Brownlee class is a perfect example of why students dont learn and achieve in school. For my 10th grade geometry class, he would go in class give us a minute to sit down have a seat and then he starts lecturing.Students would go into class late because of how boring it would be, or not making it interesting. Math was a subject to teach students how to work the numbers and how to use them, but he never really made any sand to what he was saying or doing. For the rest of the semester it would just be ditching his class, playing around or goldbricking on his work because there was never homework. Mr. Bownlee ended up passing the kids without trying on their own and making their grade easier. In my opinion teachers should always m ake an attempt

Leadership of General George S. Patton Essay

Leadership of common George S. Patton by Eugene V. Struzik threesome May 23, 2011 Abstract The purpose of this research root is to explore the different leadership styles that General George S. Patton junior used throughout his life, (November 11, 1885 until December 21, 1945). General Patton is often thought of as one of the most moot generals in history. This paper will concentrate on til nowts that happened in his life and how his determination, will and hard officiate jockstraped him overcome and became a better leader. It is evident that in a review of the research General Patton was adequate to(p) to achieve humankindy his success by determination and hard mildew to be the best in everything that he set his mind to accomplish.He was never happy, except when he was given the take exception of positive men into battle. General Patton was a leader, a warrior and the most feared General by the Germans. General George S. Patton was a man who is often referred to as a gr eat general, and leader of men who was equally just as controversial. His passage in the Army was often a struggle for him to advance and receive the recognition that he deserved. This paper will projection screen the leadership styles of General Patton during the early, then during human race War I. Next it will cover World War II and finally I will give my opinion on the subject. George S. Patton, who was quondam(prenominal) called Georgie, was an average child with the hopes and dreams of becoming a great military leader like his Grandfather, Great-Grandfather and many of his some other relatives (Regan, 1960).He piddleed hard with his academic career to tried to quiver into West Point the United States soldiers Academy, but he was not accepted at first. Not deterred by this set back, he went to Virginia force Institute (VMI) for a year (Reda, 2004). Even though he was going to VMI, he continued tirelessly to get accepted into West Point. Finally Patton was accepted in to West Point, but he found it far-off more challenging then he imagined it would. The major reason that he had difficulty with the studies was because he was measly from dyslexia, a disorder that caused everything to look backwards (Reda, 2004). Although faced with these difficulties, George never gave up, even when he was forced to reduplicate his plebe year, due to poor academic performance. However this failure to progress only strengthened his respond and determination to better.In an grounds of almost memorizing everything from his textbooks, he was able to achieve an appointed Cadet Adjutant. another(prenominal) area that he had an interest in was sports. He encourage the introduction of sports into the school as a way for men to stay focused on studies as appose to getting in disturbance (Regan, 1960). His efforts lead to the creation of the first football team and the fencing team. He felt that sport would armed service him and his classmate overcome the boredom of e very day life at West point. In addition, it would help them overcome physical challenges through determination and it would teach them sportsmanship. In an amazing testament to hard work and preservation, George Patton graduated from West Point. Although he did not graduate at the top of his class, he was ranked issuance 46 out of 103, which is amazing considering the fact that he failed his first year in the Academy.He was licenced as a Second Lieutenant and assigned to the US Calvery. It was also during this time in Pattons life that he would marry his beautiful and wealthy wife, Beatrice Ayer. Her father was not fond of her marring a military man, because he felt that this would keep his daughter far away from her family. In fact her father, Frederick Ayer, offered George a tune in the family business if he would just resign his commission in the Army. However, that was not something that George Patton, was able to do. He was living his dream of being an officer in the United States Army. Georges determination and hard work would reach a high point when he participated in the 1912 Olympics. Although George was not a natural athlete, he simply did what he always did work twice as hard as everyone else in an effort to be better than everyone else.It was his will and his desire to be the best that propelled him into getting fifth place during the Olympics. This huffy determination to achieve a goal and accomplish the task ahead would become his trademark. Once once more George Pattons determination and desire to excel paid off. Lieutenant Patton was able to get a impersonate as an aide to General Blackjack Pershing during the Punitive Expedition. The interesting thing about this engagement was General Pershing was not taking people to his staff. In fact, it was a letter that Lieutenant Patton wrote to General Pershing requesting to be considered for an appointment to the Generals staff that gave George the opportunity of a lifetime. Here he would learn what it took to be a good Calvary Officer and he would make important contact that would serve him well in the future. This leads into the second main point of this paper, which is Patton emerging into a leader.It is 1917, and the United States has just declared war on Germany. Patton got another chance to serve under General Blackjack Pershing. Pershing gave Patton a promotion to the rank of headwaiter and appointed him the Tank air force officer for the American troops. This was not an easy task for Captain Patton, since he had to aim a training program, and tactics for the new technological advancement of the tank. This was Pattons first leadership challenge that would set the tone for how he dealt with all of the other challenges in his life. He was the first tank commander (Reagan, 1960), with this job he took on the daunting task of creating the first Tank Command in Europe.Patton single-handedly created the, the AEF Tank Training Center. He created the, the ideas, the tact ics, the design, the uniforms, the procedures. Virtually, everything that was done came from Patton (Reda, 2004). Patton realized the need for training and the benefit that he would get on the battle field. Drawing from his own experience, Patton viewed the tank as the calvary of the future. It would be during this First World War that he would develop many of his leadership skills. As was pointed out by Captain VonShell, instil a sense of security in the men, by so doing you will help them overcome their fears (1933, p. 17). Patton exemplified this behavior, by being the first person to ride on a tank for in combat even though there was machine gun fire raining down on him (Reda,

Does Religion Cause War?

I. IntroductionSince writing has been invented about 5,200 years ago, in that location has been theology in some levels. Whether it is the belief to a Christian God, or whether goes further gumption in history to Hinduism or Judaism, Buddhism and along with other ghostlike beliefs. During that same period of time, there entertain overly been a large number of struggles and battles in the midst of different countries and civilizations. But what argon the trys of these warfares? Many vie that much(prenominal) things as politics, power and material goods atomic number 18 the ca engages of these wars, whereas others claim that it is organized religion which is the main reason.Where it can be said that religion has had a large influence on many conflicts in the past, it can also be advocated that political issues and power struggles lead had further as large an impact. While some argue that religion is the cause of wars, it is inconclusive whether war would or would not e xist if there was no much(prenominal) thing as religion.Based on our research, some would say The Crusades are a major congresswoman of religion ca use war. From the 11th century to the 13th century Christian states in Europe launched what are sometimes called Holy Wars against Muslims in the East. These wars centered on the city of Jerusalem which held a Holy significance in the Christian world. However when 3000 Christians were butcheryd, this began the retaliation and therefore the beginning of The Crusades to release the Holy City of Jerusalem from the bump of Muslims. In this interpreter, religion has clearly ca apply The Crusades as there would not have been any war if the city of Jerusalem did not have Christian significance.II. Counter ArgumentsHowever, a contrary argument to this would be that it was the massacre of 3000 Christians which caused The Crusades to begin and not because of differing unearthly beliefs, although it is unquestionable that religion played a m ajor scatter in the beginning of the Crusades as the massacre may not have taken place without a religious background. As the argument for religion causing war heavily outweighs the opposing argument, in this context it is fine to say that using this example, religion does cause war.Although the previous example concerning The Crusades suggests that religion does cause war it would be partial to generalize this conclusion from i example of war to war in general. There are many counter arguments when discussing the topic of religion causing war such as political or cultural issues. One such example of this is the conflict in Northern Ireland which is commonly perceived as a religious one although religious and political leaders have used religion to cause division or unison within their people.The Unionists (those who wish to remain a part of Great Britain) are predominantly Protestant whereas the Nationalists see themselves as Irish and are usually of the Catholic faith. It is this difference between the identities (British or Irish) of the people which has caused conflict and not because of the commonly held belief that it is one of religion and sectarianism. By using this example it is clear that religion is not the sole cause of war although it can be used as an incentive to continue a conflict which is shown through the conflict in Northern Ireland where it has some become a religious conflict, such is the commonly held view of the hostility. This example can therefore be used as basis for an argument stating that religion does not, in general terms, cause war.III. Our ArgumentsClaim 1Ignoring The Crusades, and more specifically the First Crusade, it is difficult to confidently state that there have been other wars which have undeniable religious causes. However, one which has underlying holy origins is World War II. In the book Mein Kampf it states hence today I believe that I am acting in accordance with the will of the Almighty Creator by defendin g myself against the Jew, I am fighting for the work of the Lord (Hitler, 1924) While some say that Hitler was infatuated in his thinking, itis undeniable that one of the main reasons for creating the Nazi Party was a misguided religious belief, such as the one above, and therefore the beginning of World War II can be point down to religion to an extent. This is shown by his actions following his writings in Mein Kampf.Claim 2To an extent, the anti-terrorism war in Afghanistan is also an example of a war with a religious cause although some argue that the war began for other reasons. As the terrorist attacks in America were the catalysts for war in Afghanistan, it can be said that the conflict did have a religious cause. This is because of the terrorists having a misguided belief, much like Hitler and his determination to eradicate the Jews, that they were acting in the telephone of an Islamic God. Because of this belief the cause of the conflict in Afghanistan can be put down to religion and therefore suggests that religion can cause war and conflict.Claim 3On the other hand the examples of wars which have been caused by religion cannot automatically assume that all war is caused by religion or generalize a cause of one conflict to all conflicts. Following on from this another example of a war which does not have a religious cause is the Gulf War in 1990. The basis for war in this example was the invasion of Kuwait by Iraq, caused by a non-religious belief that Kuwait was a part of Iraq, along with the fact that Saddam Hussein wanted to invade and capture more land for himself. Therefore, this example again confirms the idea that religion is not the sole reason for war and that again, political issues are just as likely to be the catalyst for conflict.IV. ConclusionA final argument against the claim that religion causes war is one which is based on opinion and also has large quantities of evidence to back up the point that war would occur anyway even if re ligion did not exist. One viewpoint is that it is human nature to evermore want more ( avariciousness) and this, more than religion, can cause conflict with others which may lead to war. The evidence to deport this point comes from the large number of wars and conflicts which do not have religious causes.In conclusion, it is unfair to suggest that there would be no war if religion did not exist as it is probable that human beings would use other motives for war or find other things to fight over. However, having said that it would also be unfair to declare that religion does not cause war as The Crusades, World War II and the war in Afghanistan to name just a few, defy that notion. Following on from this, some wars do have religious causes but consequently it is false to suggest that religion causes war in general as there are other hugely significant causes such as political issues, power struggles and the greed of humanity for more material possessions which are just as likely c auses for war as religion.

How does Mary Shelley create tension in chapter 5? Essay

Mary Shelley was born in London in 1797 and her mother died fairish after giving birth too her. Mary married Percy by her Shelley. At this time stark naked discoveries were being made the first electronic battery was make waterd in 1799 by a man called Alessandro Volta. Luigi Galvani did experiments with frogs and he believed that he had discovered electricity present in human limbs in 1802. In 1815 the guys hospital in London did the first unsuccessful blood transfusion. At the time there was a lot of fill in gothic novels.Dracula was another gothic novel it was published in 1897. The novel begins at the North end when Frankenstein is chasing the deuce to kill it and Frankenstein is rescued by Captain Walton to whom he tells the whole account statement to. The story starts when Frankenstein is at the university and he is interest in bring dead things back to life he used his lectures notes who had died, and he also used dead body parts. He tries to bring the bodies to life wi th electricity. then the monster comes to life and Frankenstein immediately regrets what he had done.The monster then wants a wife however Frankenstein will not create him one so the monster decides to kill Frankenstein wife. Frankenstein chases the monster to the North Pole this is were Victor Frankenstein was killed by the monster In chapter 5 it starts in a dreary night in November and The Lifeless monster opens his eyes Frankenstein then realises that the monster is ugly and that only god can create life, then he leaves the laboratory. Frankenstein is upset and disappointed about what he has created he paces up and down his bedroom.He then falls asleep in his clothes and dreams about his dead mother rotting in her grave. In the night Frankenstein wakes up and sees the monster trying to speak. Frankenstein spends the rest of the night regretting that he had made the monster he spends the rest of the night in the courtyard. In the morning he goes to meet his friend Clerval they some(prenominal) return to the apartment and he is worried if the monster is still there as he opens the doorstep then realise that the monster is not there anymore Frankenstein is in truth happy about this.Frankenstein becomes very ill over the winter and the friend Clerval look after him in the spring Frankenstein makes a upright recovery. Tension is built up in chapter five by the use of gothic elements. Which create a sense of horror or terror. Mary Shelley uses pathetic fallacy at the start of chapter five as it sets the scene by say it was a dreary night of November another gothic element is I saw the grave worms crawling in the folds of the flannel. Other gothic elements argon Mingled with this horror also dim and yellow light of the moon and another one is dreaded weirdy.

Evaluate The Claim That The Nuclear Family Is Still The Norm In Modern Society Essay

Evaluate The Claim That The Nuclear Family Is Still The Norm In Modern Society. A nuclear family consists of married parents and their children. Changes in the rates of carve up and marriage contradict the bringing close together that the nuclear family is still the norm. Changes in attitudes also mean that the nuclear family may not represent the bulk of families. Over the last 100 years, the trend in divorce has risen. For example, there were 3,000 divorces between 1921 and 1923 and in 1923, the yard of divorce were equalised for men and women.In 1949, legal aid was given to divorcees, making divorce cheaper, this couldve lead to the 27,000 divorces in 1961. Also, in 1971, The Divorce Law Reform Act came into effect. Further changes following this would be the 1984 change of the marginal period of marriage from three years to one year before divorce was allowed, in 2004 sapphic couples in a civil partnership were given the same rights as heterosexual couples concerning divorc e and in 2007 the number of divorces rose to 170,000. After divorce, several types of family can be formed e.g. a lone(prenominal) parent family, a cohabiting couple or a reconstituted family. This suggests that the nuclear family is no eight-day the norm as divorce has caused greater family diversity.There is also less of a reason to get married. This is because of stigma, secularisation, rising expectations of marriage and the changing position of women.Declining stigma and secularisation lead to a decline in the number of marriages, this is because it is no yearlong considered a sin to be in an unmarried sexual relationship. Rising expectations of marriage also lead to a decline in marriages, this is because there is less motivation to get married especially as gender roles are changing. The changing position of women means that they can work and live independently from men, so it is not necessary for them to marry.The decline in marriage means that nuclear families are no lo nger the norm as people now prefer to cohabit or live alone for example. Functionalists intrust that the nuclear family is the functional fit therefore the norm in society. They believe this because a family needs to be socially and geographically mobile so that they can physically move to employment and also metaphorically move up in a hierarchy, to get to a better job. They believe that other family types e.g. lone parent families are abnormal as they dont serve their function in society. callable to this, they blame disorder and crime on families such as these, claiming that they can not properly interact children into the idea that marriage and the nuclear family is normal.Marxists do assume that the nuclear family is the norm in society. This is because they see the family as benefiting capitalism. The family does this as they are a unit of consumption, they are stigmatised if they dont have the latest consumer goods, so they buy these from the capitalists and, to earn the m oney for these goods, they work for the capitalists. If the family was not nuclear, then capitalists would not benefit, so all manageable efforts are made to stigmatize other family types meaning that the nuclear family is the norm.

Contrast between Regulation and Accreditation Research Paper

Contrast between Regulation and Accreditation - Research Paper ExampleRegulation of nurses commenced as an green light aimed at defend the nurses as barterals and also the public who were being served by the nurses. This was aimed at ensuring that the nurses met the standards of performance and their malpractice if whatsoever did not lead to adverse effects of the health of the patient. Currently, the scope of regulatory bodies in the nursing craft has expanded to not only protect the public but now inculcates the nursing practices and also regulates the higher(prenominal) institutions involved in nursing education. Regulatory bodies are bestowed with the legal responsibility of enforcing the law as pertains to protecting the patient from practices performed by the nurse and also to aid in regulating teaching of nurses. An example of a regulatory body in the nursing profession is the National Council of State Boards of Nursing. This is decentralized to the state which has a boar d on nursing and is aimed at addressing the five concepts of nursing. This entails the regulation of the nurse as an individual.Regulation of nurses commenced as an scuttle aimed at protecting the nurses as professionals and also the public who were being served by the nurses. This was aimed at ensuring that the nurses met the standards of performance and their malpractice if both did not lead to adverse effects of the health of the patient. The scope of regulatory bodies in the nursing profession has expanded to not only protect the public but now inculcates the nursing practices.